docker-mailserver/docs/content/config/best-practices/dkim.md
2021-01-27 22:17:07 +01:00

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DKIM is a security measure targeting email spoofing. It is greatly recommended one activates it. See [the Wikipedia page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DomainKeys_Identified_Mail) for more details on DKIM.
### Enabling DKIM signature
To enable DKIM signature, **you must have created at least one email account**.
Once its done, just run the following command to generate the signature:
```BASH
./setup.sh config dkim
```
The script assumes you're being in the directory where the `config/` directory is located. The default keysize when generating the signature is 4096 bits for now. If you need to change it (e.g. your DNS-Provider limits the size), then provide the size as the first parameter of the command:
```BASH
./setup.sh config dkim <keysize>
```
For LDAP systems that do not have any directly created user account you can run the following command (since `8.0.0`) to generate the signature by additionally providing the desired domain name (if you have multiple domains use the command multiple times or provide a comma-separated list of domains):
```BASH
./setup.sh config dkim <key-size> <domain.tld>[,<domain2.tld>]
```
Now the keys are generated, you can configure your DNS server with DKIM signature, simply by adding a TXT record.
If you have direct access to your DNS zone file, then it's only a matter of pasting the content of `config/opendkim/keys/domain.tld/mail.txt` in your `domain.tld.hosts` zone.
``` TXT
$ dig mail._domainkey.domain.tld TXT
---
;; ANSWER SECTION
mail._domainkey.<DOMAIN> 300 IN TXT "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=AZERTYUIOPQSDFGHJKLMWXCVBN/AZERTYUIOPQSDFGHJKLMWXCVBN/AZERTYUIOPQSDFGHJKLMWXCVBN/AZERTYUIOPQSDFGHJKLMWXCVBN/AZERTYUIOPQSDFGHJKLMWXCVBN/AZERTYUIOPQSDFGHJKLMWXCVBN/AZERTYUIOPQSDFGHJKLMWXCVBN/AZERTYUIOPQSDFGHJKLMWXCVBN"
```
<details>
<summary>Configuration using a web interface</summary>
1. Generate a new record of the type `TXT`.
2. Paste `mail._domainkey` the `Name` txt field.
3. In the `Target` or `Value` field fill in `v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=AZERTYUGHJKLMWX...`.
4. In `TTL` (time to live): Time span in seconds. How long the DNS server should cache the `TXT` record.
5. Save.
</details>
After generating DKIM keys, you should restart the mail server. DNS edits may take a few minutes to hours to propagate.
Note: Sometimes the key in `config/opendkim/keys/domain.tld/mail.txt` can be on multiple lines. If so then you need to concatenate the values in the TXT record:
```
$ dig mail._domainkey.domain.tld TXT
---
;; ANSWER SECTION
mail._domainkey IN TXT ( "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; "
"p=AZERTYUIOPQSDF..."
"asdfQWERTYUIOPQSDF..." )
```
the target (or value) field must then have all the parts together: `v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=AZERTYUIOPQSDF...asdfQWERTYUIOPQSDF...`
## Verify-only
If you want DKIM to only _verify_ incoming emails, the following version of /etc/opendkim.conf may be useful (right now there is no easy mechanism for installing it other than forking the repo):
``` TXT
# This is a simple config file verifying messages only
#LogWhy yes
Syslog yes
SyslogSuccess yes
Socket inet:12301@localhost
PidFile /var/run/opendkim/opendkim.pid
ReportAddress postmaster@my-domain.com
SendReports yes
Mode v
```
## Debugging
### Tools
* [DKIM-verifer](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/thunderbird/addon/dkim-verifier): A add-on for the mail client Thunderbird.
### DKIM TXT Record
You can debug your TXT records with the `dig` tool.
```
dig TXT mail._domainkey.domain.tld
```
Output:
```
; <<>> DiG 9.10.3-P4-Debian <<>> TXT mail._domainkey.domain.tld
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 39669
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;mail._domainkey.domain.tld. IN TXT
;; ANSWER SECTION:
mail._domainkey.domain.tld. 3600 IN TXT "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCxBSjG6RnWAdU3oOlqsdf2WC0FOUmU8uHVrzxPLW2R3yRBPGLrGO1++yy3tv6kMieWZwEBHVOdefM6uQOQsZ4brahu9lhG8sFLPX4MaKYN/NR6RK4gdjrZu+MYSdfk3THgSbNwIDAQAB"
;; Query time: 50 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.1.1#53(127.0.1.1)
;; WHEN: Wed Sep 07 18:22:57 CEST 2016
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 310
```
## Switch off DKIM
Simply remove the DKIM key by recreating (not just relaunching) the mailserver container.