docker-mailserver/docs/content/config/best-practices/spf.md
polarathene 021e942c4c docs(refactor): Large refactor + additions + fixes
Consistency pass, formatting cleanup and fixes, introduce admonitions, add front-matter.

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docs: Add front-matter

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docs: Fix and format links

- Some links were invalid (eg files moved or renamed)
- Some were valid but had invalid section headers (content removed or migrated)
- Some use `http://` instead of `https://` when the website supports a secure connection.
- Some already used the `[name][reference]` convention but often with a number that wasn't as useful for maintenance.
- All referenced docs needed URLs replaced. Opted for the `[name][reference]` approach to group them all clearly at the bottom of the doc, especially with the relative URLs and in some cases many duplicate entries.
- All `tomav` references from the original repo prior to switch to an organization have been corrected.
- Minor cosmetic changes to the `name` part of the URL, such as for referencing issues to be consistent.
- Some small changes to text body, usually due to duplicate URL reference that was unnecessary (open relay, youtous)
- Switched other links to use the `[name][reference]` format when there was a large group of URLs such as wikipedia or kubernetes. Github repos that reference projects related to `docker-mailserver` also got placed here so they're noticed better by maintainers. This also helped quite a bit with `mermaid` external links that are very long.
- There was a Github Wiki supported syntax in use `[[name | link]]` for `fetchmail` page that isn't compatible by default with MkDocs (needs a plugin), converted to `[name][reference]` instead since it's a relative link.

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docs: Update commit link for LDAP override script

Logic moved to another file, keeping the permalink commit reference so it's unaffected by any changes in the file referenced in future.

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docs: Heading corrections

Consistency pass. Helps with the Table of Contents (top-right UI) aka Document Outline.
docs: codefence cleanup

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docs: misc cleanup

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docs: Add Admonitions

Switches `<details>` usage for collapsible admonitions (`???`) while other text content is switched to the visually more distinct admoniton (`!!!` or `???+`) style.

This does affect editor syntax highlighting a bit and markdown linting as it's custom non-standard markdown syntax.
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---
title: 'Best Practices | SPF'
hide:
- toc # Hide Table of Contents for this page
---
From [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sender_Policy_Framework):
> Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is a simple email-validation system designed to detect email spoofing by providing a mechanism to allow receiving mail exchangers to check that incoming mail from a domain comes from a host authorized by that domain's administrators. The list of authorized sending hosts for a domain is published in the Domain Name System (DNS) records for that domain in the form of a specially formatted TXT record. Email spam and phishing often use forged "from" addresses, so publishing and checking SPF records can be considered anti-spam techniques.
For a more technical review: https://github.com/internetstandards/toolbox-wiki/blob/master/SPF-how-to.md
## Add a SPF Record
To add a SPF record in your DNS, insert the following line in your DNS zone:
```txt
; MX record must be declared for SPF to work
domain.com. IN MX 1 mail.domain.com.
; SPF record
domain.com. IN TXT "v=spf1 mx ~all"
```
This enables the _Softfail_ mode for SPF. You could first add this SPF record with a very low TTL.
_SoftFail_ is a good setting for getting started and testing, as it lets all email through, with spams tagged as such in the mailbox.
After verification, you _might_ want to change your SPF record to `v=spf1 mx -all` so as to enforce the _HardFail_ policy. See http://www.open-spf.org/SPF_Record_Syntax for more details about SPF policies.
In any case, increment the SPF record's TTL to its final value.
## Backup MX, Secondary MX
For whitelisting a IP Address from the SPF test, you can create a config file (see [`policyd-spf.conf`](https://www.linuxcertif.com/man/5/policyd-spf.conf)) and mount that file into `/etc/postfix-policyd-spf-python/policyd-spf.conf`.
**Example:**
Create and edit a `policyd-spf.conf` file here `/<your docker-mailserver dir>/config/postfix-policyd-spf.conf`:
```conf
debugLevel = 1
#0(only errors)-4(complete data received)
skip_addresses = 127.0.0.0/8,::ffff:127.0.0.0/104,::1
# Preferably use IP-Addresses for whitelist lookups:
Whitelist = 192.168.0.0/31,192.168.1.0/30
# Domain_Whitelist = mx1.mybackupmx.com,mx2.mybackupmx.com
```
Then add this line to `docker-compose.yml`:
```yaml
volumes:
- ./config/postfix-policyd-spf.conf:/etc/postfix-policyd-spf-python/policyd-spf.conf
```