docker-mailserver/CONTRIBUTING.md

Contributing

docker-mailserver is OpenSource. That means that you can contribute on enhancements, bug fixing or improving the documentation in the Wiki.

1. Issues & PRs
   1. Opening an Issue
   2. Pull Request
2. Coding Style
   1. Bash and Shell
   2. YAML

Issues & PRs

Opening an Issue

When opening an issue, please provide details use case to let the community reproduce your problem. Please start the mail server with env DMS_DEBUG=1 and paste the output into the issue. Use the issue templates to provide the necessary information. Issues which do not use these templates are not worked on and closed.

Pull Requests

Submit a Pull-Request

You want to add a feature? Feel free to start creating an issue explaining what you want to do and how you're thinking doing it. Other users may have the same need and collaboration may lead to better results.

The development workflow is the following:

• Fork the project and clone your fork
• Create a branch using git checkout -b branch_name (you can use issue-xxx if fixing an existing issue)
• Run git submodule init and git submodule update to get the BATS submodules
• Code :-)
• Add integration tests in test/tests.bats
• Use make clean all to build image locally and run tests Note that tests work on Linux only; they hang on Mac and Windows.
• Document your improvements in README.md or Wiki depending on content
• Commit, if possible with signing your commit with a GPG key, push and make a pull-request
• Pull-request is automatically tested on Travis
• When tests are green, a review may be done
• When changed are validated, your branch is merged into master
• master is automatically tested on Travis
• Docker builds a new latest image

Coding Style

Bash and Shell

When refactoring, writing or altering scripts, that is Shell and Bash scripts, in any way, adhere to these rules:

1. Adjust your style of coding to the style that is already present! Even if you do not like it, this is due to consistency. There was a lot of work involved in making all scripts consistent.
2. Use shellcheck to check your scripts! Your contributions are checked by TravisCI too, so you will need to do this. You can lint your work with make lint to check against all targets.
3. Use the provided .editorconfig file.
4. Use /bin/bash or /usr/bin/env bash instead of /bin/sh. Adjust the style accordingly.
5. setup.sh provides a good starting point to look for.
6. When appropriate, use the set builtin. We recommend set -euEo pipefail or set -uE.

Styling rules

Initial Description

When writing a script, provide the version and the script's task. Please use semantic versioning.

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# version  0.1.0
#
# <TASK DESCRIPTION> -> cut this off
# to make it not longer than approx.
# 80 cols.

If-Else-Statements

# when using braces, use double braces
# remember you do not need "" when using [[ ]]
if [[ <CONDITION1> ]] && [[ -f ${FILE} ]]
then
  <CODE TO RUN>
# when running commands, you don't need braces
elif <COMMAND TO RUN>
  <CODE TO TUN>
else
  <CODE TO TUN>
fi

# equality checks with numbers are done
# with -eq/-ne/-lt/-ge, not != or ==
if [[ $VAR -ne 42 ]] || [[ $SOME_VAR -eq 6 ]]
then
  <CODE TO RUN>
fi

Variables & Braces

Variables are always uppercase. We always use braces.

If you forgot this and want to change it later, you can use this link. The used regex is \$([^{("\\'\/])([a-zA-Z0-9_]*)([^}\/ \t'"\n.\]:(=\\-]*), where you should in practice be able to replace all variable occurrences without braces with occurrences with braces.

# good
local VAR="good"
local NEW="${VAR}"

# bad -> TravisCI will fail
var="bad"
new=$var

Loops

Like if-else, loops look like this

for / while <LOOP CONDITION>
do
  <CODE TO RUN>
done

Functions

It's always nice to see the use of functions as it also provides a clear structure. If scripts are small, this is unnecessary, but if they become larger, please consider using functions. When doing so, provide function _main.

function _<name_underscored_and_lowercase>
{
  <CODE TO RUN>

  # variables that can be local should be local
  local <LOCAL_VARIABLE_NAME>
}

Error Tracing

A construct to trace error in your scripts looks like this. Remember: Remove set -x in the end. This is for debugging purposes only.

set -euEo pipefail
trap '__log_err ${FUNCNAME[0]:-"?"} ${_:-"?"} ${LINENO:-"?"} ${?:-"?"}' ERR

function __log_err
{
  local FUNC_NAME LINE EXIT_CODE
  FUNC_NAME="${1} / ${2}"
  LINE="${3}"
  EXIT_CODE="${4}"

  printf "\n––– \e[1m\e[31mUNCHECKED ERROR\e[0m\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n\n" \
    "  – script    = ${SCRIPT,,}.sh" \
    "  – function  = ${FUNC_NAME}" \
    "  – line      = ${LINE}" \
    "  – exit code = ${EXIT_CODE}"

  <CODE TO RUN AFTERWARDS>
}

Comments, Descriptiveness & An Example

Comments should only describe non-obvious matters. Comments should start lowercase when they aren't sentences. Make the code self-descriptive by using meaningful names! Make comments not longer than approximately 80 columns, then wrap the line.

A positive example, which is taken from start-mailserver.sh, would be

function _setup_postfix_aliases
{
  _notify 'task' 'Setting up Postfix Aliases'

  : >/etc/postfix/virtual
  : >/etc/postfix/regexp

  if [[ -f /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf ]]
  then
    # fixing old virtual user file
    if grep -q ",$" /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf
    then
      sed -i -e "s/, /,/g" -e "s/,$//g" /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf
    fi

    cp -f /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf /etc/postfix/virtual

    # the `to` is important, don't delete it
    # shellcheck disable=SC2034
    while read -r FROM TO
    do
      # Setting variables for better readability
      UNAME=$(echo "${FROM}" | cut -d @ -f1)
      DOMAIN=$(echo "${FROM}" | cut -d @ -f2)

      # if they are equal it means the line looks like: "user1     other@domain.tld"
      [[ "${UNAME}" != "${DOMAIN}" ]] && echo "${DOMAIN}" >> /tmp/vhost.tmp
    done < <(grep -v "^\s*$\|^\s*\#" /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf || true)
  else
    _notify 'inf' "Warning 'config/postfix-virtual.cf' is not provided. No mail alias/forward created."
  fi

  ...
}

YAML

When formatting YAML files, use Prettier, an opinionated formatter. There are many plugins for IDEs around.