docker-mailserver/docs/content/advanced/mail-forwarding/relay-hosts.md
2021-01-02 22:59:37 +01:00

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# Introduction
Rather than having Postfix deliver mail directly, you can configure Postfix to send mail via another mail relay (smarthost). Examples include [Mailgun](https://www.mailgun.com/), [Sendgrid](https://sendgrid.com/) and [AWS SES](https://aws.amazon.com/ses/).
Depending on the domain of the sender, you may want to send via a different relay, or authenticate in a different way.
# Basic Configuration
Basic configuration is done via environment variables:
* **RELAY_HOST** _default host to relay mail through, empty will disable this feature_
* **RELAY_PORT** _port on default relay, defaults to port 25_
* **RELAY_USER** _username for the default relay_
* **RELAY_PASSWORD** _password for the default user_
Setting these environment variables will cause mail for all sender domains to be routed via the specified host, authenticating with the user/password combination.
Note for users of the previous AWS_SES_* variables: please update your configuration to use these new variables, no other configuration is required.
# Advanced Configuration
## Sender-dependent Authentication
Sender dependent authentication is done in `config/postfix-sasl-password.cf`. You can create this file manually, or use
```bash
setup.sh relay add-auth <domain> <username> [<password>]
```
An example configuration file looks like this:
```
@domain1.com relay_user_1:password_1
@domain2.com relay_user_2:password_2
```
If there is no other configuration, this will cause Postfix to deliver email throught the relay specified in `RELAY_HOST` env variable, authenticating as `relay_user_1` when sent from domain1.com and authenticating as `relay_user_2` when sending from domain2.com.
**NOTE** to activate the configuration you must either restart the container, or you can also trigger an update by modifying a mail account.
## Sender-dependent Relay Host
Sender dependent relay hosts are configured in `config/postfix-relaymap.cf`. You can create this file manually, or use
```bash
setup.sh relay add-domain <domain> <host> [<port>]
```
An example configuration file looks like this:
```
@domain1.com [relay1.org]:587
@domain2.com [relay2.org]:2525
```
Combined with the previous configuration in `config/postfix-sasl-password.cf`, this will cause Postfix to deliver mail sent from domain1.com via `relay1.org:587`, authenticating as `relay_user_1`, and mail sent from domain2.com via `relay2.org:2525` authenticating as `relay_user_2`.
**NOTE** You still have to define RELAY_HOST to activate the feature
## Excluding Sender Domains
If you want mail sent from some domains to be delivered directly, you can exclude them from being delivered via the default relay by adding them to `config/postfix-relaymap.cf` with no destination. You can also do this via
```bash
setup.sh relay exclude-domain <domain>
```
Extending the configuration file from above:
```
@domain1.com [relay1.org]:587
@domain2.com [relay2.org]:2525
@domain3.com
```
This will cause email sent from domain3.com to be delivered directly.
### References
Thanks to the author of [this article][1] for the inspiration. This is also worth reading to understand a bit more about how to set up Mailgun to work with this.
[1]: https://community.rackspace.com/products/f/email-products-forum/3897/how-to-setup-postfix-with-a-mailgun-smtp-relay-when-using-multiple-domains