docker-mailserver/.github/workflows/generic_build.yml

name: 'Build the DMS Container Image'

on:
  workflow_call:
    inputs:
      platforms:
        required: false
        type: string
        default: linux/amd64
    outputs:
      build-cache-key:
        description: The cache key to use when restoring an image later
        value: ${{ jobs.build-image.outputs.build-cache-key }}

permissions:
  contents: read

# `actions/cache` does not upload a new cache until completing a job successfully.
# To better cache image builds, tests are handled in a dependent job afterwards.
# This way failing tests will not prevent caching of an image. Useful when the build context
# is not changed by new commits.

jobs:
  build-image:
    name: 'Build'
    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
    outputs:
      build-cache-key: ${{ steps.derive-image-cache-key.outputs.digest }}
    steps:
      - name: 'Checkout'
        uses: actions/checkout@v4
        with:
          submodules: recursive

      # Can potentially be replaced by: `${{ hashFiles('target/**', 'Dockerfile', 'VERSION') }}`
      # Must not be affected by file metadata changes and have a consistent sort order:
      # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions#hashfiles
      # Keying by the relevant build context is more re-usable than a commit SHA.
      - name: 'Derive Docker image cache key from content'
        id: derive-image-cache-key
        shell: bash
        run: |
          ADDITIONAL_FILES=(
            'Dockerfile'
            'VERSION'
          )

          # Recursively collect file paths from `target/` and pipe a list of
          # checksums to be sorted (by hash value) and finally generate a checksum
          # of that list, using `awk` to only return the hash value (digest):
          IMAGE_CHECKSUM=$(\
            find ./target -type f -exec sha256sum "${ADDITIONAL_FILES[@]}" {} + \
              | sort \
              | sha256sum \
              | awk '{ print $1 }' \
          )

          echo "digest=${IMAGE_CHECKSUM}" >>"${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"          

      # Attempts to restore the build cache from a prior build run.
      # If the exact key is not restored, then upon a successful job run
      # the new cache is uploaded for this key containing the contents at `path`.
      # Cache storage has a limit of 10GB, and uploads expire after 7 days.
      # When full, the least accessed cache upload is evicted to free up storage.
      # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/caching-dependencies-to-speed-up-workflows
      - name: 'Handle Docker build layer cache'
        uses: actions/cache@v3
        with:
          path: /tmp/.buildx-cache
          key: cache-buildx-${{ steps.derive-image-cache-key.outputs.digest }}
          # If no exact cache-hit for key found, lookup caches with a `cache-buildx-` key prefix:
          # This is safe due to cache layer invalidation via the image build context.
          restore-keys: |
            cache-buildx-            

      - name: 'Set up QEMU'
        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v3.0.0
        with:
          platforms: arm64

      - name: 'Set up Docker Buildx'
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3.0.0

      # NOTE: AMD64 can build within 2 minutes
      - name: 'Build images'
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5.0.0
        with:
          context: .
          # Build at least the AMD64 image (which runs against the test suite).
          platforms: ${{ inputs.platforms }}
          # Paired with steps `actions/cache` and `Replace cache` (replace src with dest):
          # NOTE: `mode=max` is only for `cache-to`, it configures exporting all image layers.
          # https://github.com/docker/buildx/blob/master/docs/reference/buildx_build.md#cache-from
          cache-from: type=local,src=/tmp/.buildx-cache
          cache-to: type=local,dest=/tmp/.buildx-cache-new,mode=max
          # This job just builds the image and stores to cache, no other exporting required:
          # https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/issues/546#issuecomment-1122631106
          outputs: type=cacheonly
          # Disable provenance attestation: https://docs.docker.com/build/attestations/slsa-provenance/
          provenance: false

      # WORKAROUND: The `cache-to: type=local` input for `build-push-action` persists old-unused cache.
      # The workaround is to write the new build cache to a different location that replaces the
      # original restored cache after build, reducing frequency of eviction due to cache storage limit (10GB).
      # https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/blob/965c6a410d446a30e95d35052c67d6eded60dad6/docs/advanced/cache.md?plain=1#L193-L199
      # NOTE: This does not affect `cache-hit == 'true'` (which skips upload on direct cache key hit)
      - name: 'Replace cache'
        run: |
          rm -rf /tmp/.buildx-cache
          mv /tmp/.buildx-cache-new /tmp/.buildx-cache