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<h1>Basic Installation</h1>
<h2 id="building-a-simple-mailserver"><a class="toclink" href="#building-a-simple-mailserver">Building a Simple Mailserver</a></h2>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>Adding the docker network's gateway to the list of trusted hosts, e.g. using the <code>network</code> or <code>connected-networks</code> option, can create an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_mail_relay"><strong>open relay</strong></a>, for instance <a href="https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/issues/1405#issuecomment-590106498">if IPv6 is enabled on the host machine but not in Docker</a>.</p>
</div>
<p>We are going to use this docker based mailserver:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>First create a directory for the mailserver and get the setup script:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mkdir -p /var/ds/mail.example.org
<span class="nb">cd</span> /var/ds/mail.example.org/
curl -o setup.sh <span class="se">\</span>
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/master/setup.sh
chmod a+x ./setup.sh
</code></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Create the file <code>docker-compose.yml</code> with a content like this:</p>
<div class="admonition example">
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">version</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">&#39;2&#39;</span>
<span class="nt">services</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">mail</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver/docker-mailserver:latest</span>
<span class="nt">hostname</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mail</span>
<span class="nt">domainname</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">example.org</span>
<span class="nt">container_name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mail</span>
<span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="s">&quot;25:25&quot;</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="s">&quot;587:587&quot;</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="s">&quot;465:465&quot;</span>
<span class="nt">volumes</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">./data/:/var/mail/</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">./state/:/var/mail-state/</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">./config/:/tmp/docker-mailserver/</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/var/ds/wsproxy/letsencrypt/:/etc/letsencrypt/</span>
<span class="nt">environment</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">PERMIT_DOCKER=network</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">SSL_TYPE=letsencrypt</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ONE_DIR=1</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">DMS_DEBUG=1</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">SPOOF_PROTECTION=0</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">REPORT_RECIPIENT=1</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ENABLE_SPAMASSASSIN=0</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ENABLE_CLAMAV=0</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ENABLE_FAIL2BAN=1</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ENABLE_POSTGREY=0</span>
<span class="nt">cap_add</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">NET_ADMIN</span>
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">SYS_PTRACE</span>
</code></pre></div>
</div>
<p>For more details about the environment variables that can be used, and their meaning and possible values, check also these:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../../config/environment/">Environment Variables</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/blob/master/mailserver.env"><code>mailserver.env</code> file</a></li>
</ul>
<p>Make sure to set the proper <code>domainname</code> that you will use for the emails. We forward only SMTP ports (not POP3 and IMAP) because we are not interested in accessing the mailserver directly (from a client). We also use these settings:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>PERMIT_DOCKER=network</code> because we want to send emails from other docker containers.</li>
<li><code>SSL_TYPE=letsencrypt</code> because we will manage SSL certificates with letsencrypt.</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>
<p>We need to open ports <code>25</code>, <code>587</code> and <code>465</code> on the firewall:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>ufw allow <span class="m">25</span>
ufw allow <span class="m">587</span>
ufw allow <span class="m">465</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>On your server you may have to do it differently.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Pull the docker image: <code>docker pull mailserver/docker-mailserver:latest</code></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Now generate the DKIM keys with <code>./setup.sh config dkim</code> and copy the content of the file <code>config/opendkim/keys/domain.tld/mail.txt</code> on the domain zone configuration at the DNS server. I use <a href="https://github.com/docker-scripts/bind9">bind9</a> for managing my domains, so I just paste it on <code>example.org.db</code>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mail._domainkey IN TXT ( &quot;v=DKIM1; h=sha256; k=rsa; &quot;
&quot;p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFACAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAaH5KuPYPSF3Ppkt466BDMAFGOA4mgqn4oPjZ5BbFlYA9l5jU3bgzRj3l6/Q1n5a9lQs5fNZ7A/HtY0aMvs3nGE4oi+LTejt1jblMhV/OfJyRCunQBIGp0s8G9kIUBzyKJpDayk2+KJSJt/lxL9Iiy0DE5hIv62ZPP6AaTdHBAsJosLFeAzuLFHQ6USyQRojefqFQtgYqWQ2JiZQ3&quot;
&quot;iqq3bD/BVlwKRp5gH6TEYEmx8EBJUuDxrJhkWRUk2VDl1fqhVBy8A9O7Ah+85nMrlOHIFsTaYo9o6+cDJ6t1i6G1gu+bZD0d3/3bqGLPBQV9LyEL1Rona5V7TJBGg099NQkTz1IwIDAQAB&quot; ) ; ----- DKIM key mail for example.org
</code></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Add these configurations as well on the same file on the DNS server:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mail IN A 10.11.12.13
; mailservers for example.org
3600 IN MX 1 mail.example.org.
; Add SPF record
IN TXT &quot;v=spf1 mx ~all&quot;
</code></pre></div>
<p>Then don't forget to change the serial number and to restart the service.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Get an SSL certificate from letsencrypt. I use <a href="https://gitlab.com/docker-scripts/wsproxy">wsproxy</a> for managing SSL letsencrypt certificates of my domains:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nb">cd</span> /var/ds/wsproxy
ds domains-add mail mail.example.org
ds get-ssl-cert myemail@gmail.com mail.example.org --test
ds get-ssl-cert myemail@gmail.com mail.example.org
</code></pre></div>
<p>Now the certificates will be available on <code>/var/ds/wsproxy/letsencrypt/live/mail.example.org</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Start the mailserver and check for any errors:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>apt install docker-compose
docker-compose up mail
</code></pre></div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Create email accounts and aliases with <code>SPOOF_PROTECTION=0</code>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>./setup.sh email add admin@example.org passwd123
./setup.sh email add info@example.org passwd123
./setup.sh <span class="nb">alias</span> add admin@example.org myemail@gmail.com
./setup.sh <span class="nb">alias</span> add info@example.org myemail@gmail.com
./setup.sh email list
./setup.sh <span class="nb">alias</span> list
</code></pre></div>
<p>Aliases make sure that any email that comes to these accounts is forwarded to my real email address, so that I don't need to use POP3/IMAP in order to get these messages. Also no anti-spam and anti-virus software is needed, making the mailserver lighter.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Or create email accounts and aliases with <code>SPOOF_PROTECTION=1</code>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>./setup.sh email add admin.gmail@example.org passwd123
./setup.sh email add info.gmail@example.org passwd123
./setup.sh <span class="nb">alias</span> add admin@example.org admin.gmail@example.org
./setup.sh <span class="nb">alias</span> add info@example.org info.gmail@example.org
./setup.sh <span class="nb">alias</span> add admin.gmail@example.org myemail@gmail.com
./setup.sh <span class="nb">alias</span> add info.gmail@example.org myemail@gmail.com
./setup.sh email list
./setup.sh <span class="nb">alias</span> list
</code></pre></div>
<p>This extra step is required to avoid the <code>553 5.7.1 Sender address rejected: not owned by user</code> error (the account used for setting up gmail is <code>admin.gmail@example.org</code> and <code>info.gmail@example.org</code> )</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Send some test emails to these addresses and make other tests. Then stop the container with <code>ctrl+c</code> and start it again as a daemon: <code>docker-compose up -d mail</code>.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Now save on Moodle configuration the SMTP settings and test by trying to send some messages to other users:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>SMTP hosts</strong>: <code>mail.example.org:465</code></li>
<li><strong>SMTP security</strong>: <code>SSL</code></li>
<li><strong>SMTP username</strong>: <code>info@example.org</code></li>
<li><strong>SMTP password</strong>: <code>passwd123</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
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