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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Best Practices
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/best-practices/dkim/" class = "md-nav__link" >
DKIM
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/best-practices/dmarc/" class = "md-nav__link" >
DMARC
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/best-practices/spf/" class = "md-nav__link" >
SPF
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/best-practices/autodiscover/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Auto-discovery
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_3_5" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_3_5" checked >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_3_5" >
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Security
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Security" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_3_5" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Security
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/security/understanding-the-ports/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Understanding the Ports
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/security/ssl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
SSL/TLS
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/security/fail2ban/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Fail2Ban
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/security/mail_crypt/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Mail Encryption
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_3_6" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_3_6" checked >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_3_6" >
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Troubleshooting
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Troubleshooting" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_3_6" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Troubleshooting
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/troubleshooting/debugging/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Debugging
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/pop3/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Mail Delivery with POP3
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_3_8" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_3_8" checked >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_3_8" >
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Advanced Configuration
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Advanced Configuration" data-md-level = "2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_3_8" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Advanced Configuration
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/optional-config/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Optional Configuration
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_3_8_2" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_3_8_2" checked >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_3_8_2" >
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Maintenance
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Maintenance" data-md-level = "3" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_3_8_2" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Maintenance
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/maintenance/update-and-cleanup/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Update and Cleanup
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_3_8_3" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_3_8_3" checked >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_3_8_3" >
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Override the Default Configs
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Override the Default Configs" data-md-level = "3" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_3_8_3" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Override the Default Configs
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/override-defaults/dovecot/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Dovecot
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/override-defaults/postfix/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Postfix
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/override-defaults/user-patches/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Modifications via Script
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/auth-ldap/" class = "md-nav__link" >
LDAP Authentication
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/mail-sieve/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Email Filtering with Sieve
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/mail-fetchmail/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Email Gathering with Fetchmail
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_3_8_7" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_3_8_7" checked >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_3_8_7" >
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Email Forwarding
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Email Forwarding" data-md-level = "3" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_3_8_7" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Email Forwarding
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/mail-forwarding/relay-hosts/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Relay Hosts
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/mail-forwarding/aws-ses/" class = "md-nav__link" >
AWS SES
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/full-text-search/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Full-Text Search
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/kubernetes/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Kubernetes
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../config/advanced/ipv6/" class = "md-nav__link" >
IPv6
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_4" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4" checked >
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4" >
Examples
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Examples" data-md-level = "1" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Examples
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_4_1" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4_1" checked >
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4_1" >
Tutorials
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Tutorials" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4_1" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Tutorials
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../examples/tutorials/basic-installation/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Basic Installation
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../examples/tutorials/mailserver-behind-proxy/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Mailserver behind Proxy
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../examples/tutorials/blog-posts/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Blog Posts
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_4_2" data-md-state = "indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4_2" checked >
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4_2" >
Use Cases
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Use Cases" data-md-level = "2" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4_2" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Use Cases
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../examples/uses-cases/forward-only-mailserver-with-ldap-authentication/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Forward-Only Mailserver with LDAP
< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../examples/uses-cases/imap-folders/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Customize IMAP Folders
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../faq/" class = "md-nav__link" >
FAQ
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "__nav_6" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_6" checked >
< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_6" >
Contributing
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Contributing" data-md-level = "1" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_6" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Contributing
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../issues-and-pull-requests/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Issues and Pull Requests
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--active" >
< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle = "toc" type = "checkbox" id = "__toc" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for = "__toc" >
Coding Style
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
< a href = "./" class = "md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" >
Coding Style
< / a >
< nav class = "md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label = "Table of contents" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__toc" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Table of contents
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-component = "toc" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#bash-and-shell" class = "md-nav__link" >
Bash and Shell
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#styling-rules" class = "md-nav__link" >
Styling rules
< / a >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Styling rules" >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#if-else-statements" class = "md-nav__link" >
If-Else-Statements
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#variables-braces" class = "md-nav__link" >
Variables & Braces
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#loops" class = "md-nav__link" >
Loops
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#functions" class = "md-nav__link" >
Functions
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#error-tracing" class = "md-nav__link" >
Error Tracing
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#comments-descriptiveness-an-example" class = "md-nav__link" >
Comments, Descriptiveness & An Example
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#yaml" class = "md-nav__link" >
YAML
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../tests/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Tests
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../documentation/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Documentation
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/mailserver/docker-mailserver" class = "md-nav__link" >
DockerHub
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "https://github.com/orgs/docker-mailserver/packages/container/package/docker-mailserver" class = "md-nav__link" >
GHCR
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component = "sidebar" data-md-type = "toc" >
< div class = "md-sidebar__scrollwrap" >
< div class = "md-sidebar__inner" >
< nav class = "md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label = "Table of contents" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__toc" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Table of contents
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-component = "toc" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#bash-and-shell" class = "md-nav__link" >
Bash and Shell
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#styling-rules" class = "md-nav__link" >
Styling rules
< / a >
< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "Styling rules" >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#if-else-statements" class = "md-nav__link" >
If-Else-Statements
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#variables-braces" class = "md-nav__link" >
Variables & Braces
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#loops" class = "md-nav__link" >
Loops
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#functions" class = "md-nav__link" >
Functions
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#error-tracing" class = "md-nav__link" >
Error Tracing
< / a >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#comments-descriptiveness-an-example" class = "md-nav__link" >
Comments, Descriptiveness & An Example
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#yaml" class = "md-nav__link" >
YAML
< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "md-content" data-md-component = "content" >
< article class = "md-content__inner md-typeset" >
< a href = "https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/edit/master/docs/content/contributing/coding-style.md" title = "Edit this page" class = "md-content__button md-icon" >
< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" > < path d = "M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25z" / > < / svg >
< / a >
< h1 > Coding Style< / h1 >
< h2 id = "bash-and-shell" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#bash-and-shell" > Bash and Shell< / a > < / h2 >
< p > When refactoring, writing or altering scripts, that is Shell and bash scripts, in any way, adhere to these rules:< / p >
< ol >
< li > < strong > Adjust your style of coding to the style that is already present< / strong > ! Even if you do not like it, this is due to consistency. There was a lot of work involved in making all scripts consistent.< / li >
< li > < strong > Use < code > shellcheck< / code > to check your scripts< / strong > ! Your contributions are checked by GitHub Actions too, so you will need to do this. You can < strong > lint your work with < code > make lint< / code > < / strong > to check against all targets.< / li >
< li > < strong > Use the provided < code > .editorconfig< / code > < / strong > file.< / li >
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< li > Use < code > /bin/bash< / code > instead of < code > /bin/sh< / code > . Adjust the style accordingly.< / li >
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< li > < code > setup.sh< / code > provides a good starting point to look for.< / li >
< li > When appropriate, use the < code > set< / code > builtin. We recommend < code > set -euEo pipefail< / code > or < code > set -uE< / code > .< / li >
< / ol >
< h2 id = "styling-rules" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#styling-rules" > Styling rules< / a > < / h2 >
< h3 id = "if-else-statements" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#if-else-statements" > If-Else-Statements< / a > < / h3 >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "c1" > # when using braces, use double braces< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # remember you do not need " " when using [[ ]]< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "o" > [[< / span > < CONDITION1> < span class = "o" > ]]< / span > < span class = "o" > & & < / span > < span class = "o" > [[< / span > -f < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > FILE< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "o" > ]]< / span >
< span class = "k" > then< / span >
< CODE TO RUN>
< span class = "c1" > # when running commands, you don' t need braces< / span >
< span class = "k" > elif< / span > < COMMAND TO RUN>
< CODE TO TUN>
< span class = "k" > else< / span >
< CODE TO TUN>
< span class = "k" > fi< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # equality checks with numbers are done< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # with -eq/-ne/-lt/-ge, not != or ==< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "o" > [[< / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > VAR< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > -ne < span class = "m" > 42< / span > < span class = "o" > ]]< / span > < span class = "o" > ||< / span > < span class = "o" > [[< / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > SOME_VAR< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > -eq < span class = "m" > 6< / span > < span class = "o" > ]]< / span >
< span class = "k" > then< / span >
< CODE TO RUN>
< span class = "k" > fi< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h3 id = "variables-braces" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#variables-braces" > Variables & Braces< / a > < / h3 >
< div class = "admonition attention" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Attention< / p >
< p > Variables are always uppercase. We always use braces.< / p >
< / div >
< p > If you forgot this and want to change it later, you can use < a href = "https://regex101.com/r/ikzJpF/7" > this link< / a > . The used regex is < code > \$([^{("\\'\/])([a-zA-Z0-9_]*)([^}\/ \t'"\n.\]:(=\\-]*)< / code > , where you should in practice be able to replace all variable occurrences without braces with occurrences with braces.< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "c1" > # good< / span >
< span class = "nb" > local< / span > < span class = "nv" > VAR< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " good" < / span >
< span class = "nb" > local< / span > < span class = "nv" > NEW< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > VAR< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span >
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< span class = "c1" > # bad -> CI will fail< / span >
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< span class = "nv" > var< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " bad" < / span >
< span class = "nv" > new< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "nv" > $var< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h3 id = "loops" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#loops" > Loops< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Like < code > if-else< / code > , loops look like this< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "k" > for< / span > / < span class = "k" > while< / span > < LOOP CONDITION>
< span class = "k" > do< / span >
< CODE TO RUN>
< span class = "k" > done< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h3 id = "functions" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#functions" > Functions< / a > < / h3 >
< p > It's always nice to see the use of functions as it also provides a clear structure. If scripts are small, this is unnecessary, but if they become larger, please consider using functions. When doing so, provide < code > function _main< / code > .< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "k" > function< / span > _< name_underscored_and_lowercase>
< span class = "o" > {< / span >
< CODE TO RUN>
< span class = "c1" > # variables that can be local should be local< / span >
< span class = "nb" > local< / span > < LOCAL_VARIABLE_NAME>
< span class = "o" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h3 id = "error-tracing" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#error-tracing" > Error Tracing< / a > < / h3 >
< p > A construct to trace error in your scripts looks like this. Remember: Remove < code > set -x< / code > in the end. This is for debugging purposes only.< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "nb" > set< / span > -xeuEo pipefail
< span class = "nb" > trap< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' __log_err ${FUNCNAME[0]:-" ?" } ${BASH_COMMAND:-" ?" } ${LINENO:-" ?" } ${?:-" ?" }' < / span > ERR
< span class = "nv" > SCRIPT< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s1" > ' name_of_this_script.sh' < / span >
< span class = "k" > function< / span > __log_err
< span class = "o" > {< / span >
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< span class = "nb" > printf< / span > < span class = "s2" > " \n--- \e[1m\e[31mUNCHECKED ERROR\e[0m\n%s\n%s\n%s\n%s\n\n" < / span > < span class = "se" > \< / span >
< span class = "s2" > " - script = < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > SCRIPT< / span > < span class = "k" > :-< / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > 0< / span > < span class = "si" > }}< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "se" > \< / span >
< span class = "s2" > " - function = < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > 1< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > / < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > 2< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "se" > \< / span >
< span class = "s2" > " - line = < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > 3< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "se" > \< / span >
< span class = "s2" > " - exit code = < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > 4< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "m" > 1< / span > > < span class = "p" > & < / span > < span class = "m" > 2< / span >
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< CODE TO RUN AFTERWARDS>
< span class = "o" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h3 id = "comments-descriptiveness-an-example" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#comments-descriptiveness-an-example" > Comments, Descriptiveness & An Example< / a > < / h3 >
< p > Comments should only describe non-obvious matters. Comments should start lowercase when they aren't sentences. Make the code < strong > self-descriptive< / strong > by using meaningful names! Make comments not longer than approximately 80 columns, then wrap the line.< / p >
< p > A positive example, which is taken from < code > start-mailserver.sh< / code > , would be< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "k" > function< / span > _setup_postfix_aliases
< span class = "o" > {< / span >
_notify < span class = "s1" > ' task' < / span > < span class = "s1" > ' Setting up Postfix Aliases' < / span >
: > /etc/postfix/virtual
: > /etc/postfix/regexp
< span class = "k" > if< / span > < span class = "o" > [[< / span > -f /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf < span class = "o" > ]]< / span >
< span class = "k" > then< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # fixing old virtual user file< / span >
< span class = "k" > if< / span > grep -q < span class = "s2" > " ,< / span > $< span class = "s2" > " < / span > /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf
< span class = "k" > then< / span >
sed -i -e < span class = "s2" > " s/, /,/g" < / span > -e < span class = "s2" > " s/,< / span > $< span class = "s2" > //g" < / span > /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf
< span class = "k" > fi< / span >
cp -f /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf /etc/postfix/virtual
< span class = "c1" > # the `to` is important, don' t delete it< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # shellcheck disable=SC2034< / span >
< span class = "k" > while< / span > < span class = "nb" > read< / span > -r FROM TO
< span class = "k" > do< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Setting variables for better readability< / span >
< span class = "nv" > UNAME< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "k" > $(< / span > < span class = "nb" > echo< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > FROM< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "p" > |< / span > cut -d @ -f1< span class = "k" > )< / span >
< span class = "nv" > DOMAIN< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "k" > $(< / span > < span class = "nb" > echo< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > FROM< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "p" > |< / span > cut -d @ -f2< span class = "k" > )< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # if they are equal it means the line looks like: " user1 other@domain.tld" < / span >
< span class = "o" > [[< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > UNAME< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > !< span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > DOMAIN< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "o" > ]]< / span > < span class = "o" > & & < / span > < span class = "nb" > echo< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > < span class = "si" > ${< / span > < span class = "nv" > DOMAIN< / span > < span class = "si" > }< / span > < span class = "s2" > " < / span > > > /tmp/vhost.tmp
< span class = "k" > done< / span > < < < span class = "o" > (< / span > grep -v < span class = "s2" > " ^\s*< / span > $< span class = "s2" > \|^\s*\#" < / span > /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf < span class = "o" > ||< / span > < span class = "nb" > true< / span > < span class = "o" > )< / span >
< span class = "k" > else< / span >
_notify < span class = "s1" > ' inf' < / span > < span class = "s2" > " Warning ' config/postfix-virtual.cf' is not provided. No mail alias/forward created." < / span >
< span class = "k" > fi< / span >
...
< span class = "o" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< h2 id = "yaml" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#yaml" > YAML< / a > < / h2 >
< p > When formatting YAML files, use < a href = "https://prettier.io" > Prettier< / a > , an opinionated formatter. There are many plugins for IDEs around.< / p >
< / article >
< / div >
< / div >
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