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<!doctype html>
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
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<meta name="description" content="A fullstack but simple mail server (SMTP, IMAP, LDAP, Antispam, Antivirus, etc.) using Docker.">
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<meta name="author" content="docker-mailserver (Github Organization)">
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<link rel="canonical" href="https://docker-mailserver.github.io/docker-mailserver/edge/config/advanced/kubernetes/">
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<title>Advanced | Kubernetes - Docker Mailserver</title>
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<a href="https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
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docker-mailserver
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</a>
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<a href="https://hub.docker.com/repository/docker/mailserver/docker-mailserver" class="md-tabs__link">
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DockerHub
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|
|
GHCR
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
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|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<main class="md-main" data-md-component="main">
|
||
|
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<div class="md-main__inner md-grid">
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--primary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="navigation" >
|
||
|
|
<div class="md-sidebar__scrollwrap">
|
||
|
|
<div class="md-sidebar__inner">
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--primary md-nav--lifted" aria-label="Navigation" data-md-level="0">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__drawer">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../.." title="Docker Mailserver" class="md-nav__button md-logo" aria-label="Docker Mailserver" data-md-component="logo">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<img src="../../../assets/logo/dmo-logo-white.min.svg" alt="logo">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
Docker Mailserver
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<div class="md-nav__source">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/" title="Go to repository" class="md-source" data-md-component="source">
|
||
|
|
<div class="md-source__icon md-icon">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 496 512"><path d="M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z"/></svg>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="md-source__repository">
|
||
|
|
docker-mailserver
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../.." class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Home
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../../introduction/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Introduction
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3">
|
||
|
|
Configuration
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Configuration" data-md-level="1">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Configuration
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../setup.sh/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Your Best Friend setup.sh
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../environment/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Environment Variables
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_3" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_3" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_3">
|
||
|
|
User Management
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="User Management" data-md-level="2">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_3">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
User Management
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../user-management/accounts/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Accounts
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../user-management/aliases/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Aliases
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
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|
||
|
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|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_4" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_4" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_4">
|
||
|
|
Best Practices
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Best Practices" data-md-level="2">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_4">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Best Practices
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../best-practices/dkim/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
DKIM
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../best-practices/dmarc/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
DMARC
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../best-practices/spf/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
SPF
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../best-practices/autodiscover/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Auto-discovery
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_5" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_5" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_5">
|
||
|
|
Security
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Security" data-md-level="2">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_5">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Security
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../security/understanding-the-ports/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Understanding the Ports
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../security/ssl/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
SSL/TLS
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../security/fail2ban/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Fail2Ban
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../security/mail_crypt/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Mail Encryption
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_6" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_6" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_6">
|
||
|
|
Troubleshooting
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Troubleshooting" data-md-level="2">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_6">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Troubleshooting
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../troubleshooting/debugging/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Debugging
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../pop3/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Mail Delivery with POP3
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
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|
||
|
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_8" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_8" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_8">
|
||
|
|
Advanced Configuration
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Advanced Configuration" data-md-level="2">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_8">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Advanced Configuration
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../optional-config/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Optional Configuration
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_8_2" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_8_2" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_8_2">
|
||
|
|
Maintenance
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Maintenance" data-md-level="3">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_8_2">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Maintenance
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../maintenance/update-and-cleanup/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Update and Cleanup
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_8_3" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_8_3" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_8_3">
|
||
|
|
Override the Default Configs
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Override the Default Configs" data-md-level="3">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_8_3">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Override the Default Configs
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../override-defaults/dovecot/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Dovecot
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../override-defaults/postfix/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Postfix
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../override-defaults/user-patches/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Modifications via Script
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../auth-ldap/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
LDAP Authentication
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../mail-sieve/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Email Filtering with Sieve
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../mail-fetchmail/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Email Gathering with Fetchmail
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_3_8_7" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_3_8_7" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_3_8_7">
|
||
|
|
Email Forwarding
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Email Forwarding" data-md-level="3">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_3_8_7">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Email Forwarding
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../mail-forwarding/relay-hosts/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Relay Hosts
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../mail-forwarding/aws-ses/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
AWS SES
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../full-text-search/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Full-Text Search
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--active">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="toc" type="checkbox" id="__toc">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for="__toc">
|
||
|
|
Kubernetes
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<a href="./" class="md-nav__link md-nav__link--active">
|
||
|
|
Kubernetes
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label="Table of contents">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__toc">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Table of contents
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-component="toc" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#deployment-example" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Deployment Example
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#exposing-to-the-outside-world" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Exposing to the Outside World
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Exposing to the Outside World">
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#external-ips-service" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
External IPs Service
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#proxy-port-to-service" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Proxy port to Service
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#bind-to-concrete-node-and-use-host-network" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Bind to concrete Node and use host network
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#proxy-port-to-service-via-proxy-protocol" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Proxy Port to Service via PROXY Protocol
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Proxy Port to Service via PROXY Protocol">
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#configure-your-ingress" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Configure your Ingress
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#configure-the-mailserver" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Configure the Mailserver
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="#lets-encrypt-certificates" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Let's Encrypt Certificates
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../ipv6/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
IPv6
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4">
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Examples" data-md-level="1">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Examples
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4_1" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4_1" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4_1">
|
||
|
|
Tutorials
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<nav class="md-nav" aria-label="Tutorials" data-md-level="2">
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__title" for="__nav_4_1">
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
Tutorials
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
||
|
|
<ul class="md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../../examples/tutorials/basic-installation/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Basic Installation
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../../examples/tutorials/mailserver-behind-proxy/" class="md-nav__link">
|
||
|
|
Mailserver behind Proxy
|
||
|
|
</a>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
</nav>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<li class="md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested">
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<input class="md-nav__toggle md-toggle" data-md-toggle="__nav_4_2" data-md-state="indeterminate" type="checkbox" id="__nav_4_2" checked>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<label class="md-nav__link" for="__nav_4_2">
|
||
|
|
Use Cases
|
||
|
|
<span class="md-nav__icon md-icon"></span>
|
||
|
|
</label>
|
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|
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<a href="../../../examples/uses-cases/forward-only-mailserver-with-ldap-authentication/" class="md-nav__link">
|
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Forward-Only Mailserver with LDAP
|
||
|
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</a>
|
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<a href="https://github.com/orgs/docker-mailserver/packages/container/package/docker-mailserver" class="md-nav__link">
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GHCR
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</a>
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<div class="md-sidebar md-sidebar--secondary" data-md-component="sidebar" data-md-type="toc" >
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Bind to concrete Node and use host network
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Configure your Ingress
|
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Configure the Mailserver
|
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<a href="#lets-encrypt-certificates" class="md-nav__link">
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Let's Encrypt Certificates
|
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</a>
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<div class="md-content" data-md-component="content">
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<article class="md-content__inner md-typeset">
|
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|
||
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/edit/master/docs/content/config/advanced/kubernetes.md" title="Edit this page" class="md-content__button md-icon">
|
||
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M20.71 7.04c.39-.39.39-1.04 0-1.41l-2.34-2.34c-.37-.39-1.02-.39-1.41 0l-1.84 1.83 3.75 3.75M3 17.25V21h3.75L17.81 9.93l-3.75-3.75L3 17.25z"/></svg>
|
||
|
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</a>
|
||
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|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h1>Kubernetes</h1>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="deployment-example"><a class="toclink" href="#deployment-example">Deployment Example</a></h2>
|
||
|
|
<p>There is nothing much in deploying mailserver to Kubernetes itself. The things are pretty same as in <a href="https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/blob/master/docker-compose.yml"><code>docker-compose.yml</code></a>, but with Kubernetes syntax.</p>
|
||
|
|
<details class="example"><summary>ConfigMap</summary><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Namespace</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nn">---</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ConfigMap</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.env.config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">namespace</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">data</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">OVERRIDE_HOSTNAME</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">example.com</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ENABLE_FETCHMAIL</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"0"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">FETCHMAIL_POLL</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"120"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ENABLE_SPAMASSASSIN</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"0"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ENABLE_CLAMAV</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"0"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ENABLE_FAIL2BAN</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"0"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ENABLE_POSTGREY</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"0"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ONE_DIR</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"1"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">DMS_DEBUG</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"0"</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="nn">---</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ConfigMap</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">namespace</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">data</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">postfix-accounts.cf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">user1@example.com|{SHA512-CRYPT}$6$2YpW1nYtPBs2yLYS$z.5PGH1OEzsHHNhl3gJrc3D.YMZkvKw/vp.r5WIiwya6z7P/CQ9GDEJDr2G2V0cAfjDFeAQPUoopsuWPXLk3u1</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">postfix-virtual.cf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">alias1@example.com user1@dexample.com</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#dovecot.cf: |</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># service stats {</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># unix_listener stats-reader {</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># group = docker</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># mode = 0666</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># }</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># unix_listener stats-writer {</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># group = docker</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># mode = 0666</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># }</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># }</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">SigningTable</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">*@example.com mail._domainkey.example.com</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">KeyTable</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">mail._domainkey.example.com example.com:mail:/etc/opendkim/keys/example.com-mail.key</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">TrustedHosts</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">127.0.0.1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">localhost</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#user-patches.sh: |</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># #!/bin/bash</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#fetchmail.cf: |</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</details>
|
||
|
|
<details class="example"><summary>Secret</summary><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Namespace</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nn">---</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Secret</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.opendkim.keys</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">namespace</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">type</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Opaque</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">data</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">example.com-mail.key</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'base64-encoded-DKIM-key'</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</details>
|
||
|
|
<details class="example"><summary>Service</summary><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Namespace</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nn">---</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Service</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">namespace</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">selector</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">25</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">targetPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp-secure</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">465</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">targetPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp-secure</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp-auth</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">587</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">targetPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp-auth</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">imap</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">143</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">targetPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">imap</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">imap-secure</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">993</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">targetPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">imap-secure</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</details>
|
||
|
|
<details class="example"><summary>Deployment</summary><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Namespace</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nn">---</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">apps/v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Deployment</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">namespace</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">replicas</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">selector</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">matchLabels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">template</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">role</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mail</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">tier</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">backend</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#nodeSelector:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># kubernetes.io/hostname: local.k8s</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#initContainers:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#- name: init-myservice</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># image: busybox</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># command: ["/bin/sh", "-c", "cp /tmp/user-patches.sh /tmp/files"]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># volumeMounts:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># - name: config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># subPath: user-patches.sh</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># mountPath: /tmp/user-patches.sh</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># readOnly: true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># - name: tmp-files</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># mountPath: /tmp/files</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containers</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">docker-mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver/docker-mailserver:latest</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">imagePullPolicy</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Always</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">securityContext</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">capabilities</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># If Fail2Ban is not enabled, you can remove NET_ADMIN.</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># If you are running on CRI-O, you will need the SYS_CHROOT capability,</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># as it is no longer a default capability.</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">add</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">[</span><span class="s">"NET_ADMIN"</span><span class="p p-Indicator">,</span> <span class="s">"SYS_PTRACE"</span><span class="p p-Indicator">,</span> <span class="s">"SYS_CHROOT"</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">]</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">volumeMounts</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">postfix-accounts.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-accounts.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#- name: config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># subPath: postfix-main.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># mountPath: /tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-main.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># readOnly: true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">postfix-virtual.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-virtual.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">fetchmail.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/fetchmail.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">dovecot.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/dovecot.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#- name: config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># subPath: user1.example.com.dovecot.sieve</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># mountPath: /tmp/docker-mailserver/user1@example.com.dovecot.sieve</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># readOnly: true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1">#- name: tmp-files</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># subPath: user-patches.sh</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># mountPath: /tmp/docker-mailserver/user-patches.sh</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">SigningTable</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/SigningTable</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">KeyTable</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/KeyTable</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">TrustedHosts</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/TrustedHosts</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">opendkim-keys</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/keys</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">data</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/var/mail</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">data</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">data</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/var/mail-state</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">state</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">data</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/var/log/mail</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">log</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">25</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">protocol</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">TCP</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp-secure</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">465</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">protocol</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">TCP</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp-auth</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">587</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">imap</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">143</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">protocol</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">TCP</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">imap-secure</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">993</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">protocol</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">TCP</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">envFrom</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">configMapRef</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.env.config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">volumes</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">configMap</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">opendkim-keys</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">secret</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">secretName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.opendkim.keys</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">data</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">persistentVolumeClaim</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">claimName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mail-storage</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">tmp-files</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">emptyDir</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">{}</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</details>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition warning">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Any sensitive data (keys, etc) should be deployed via <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret">Secrets</a>. Other configuration just fits well into <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/configure-pod-container/configmap">ConfigMaps</a>.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Make sure that <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod">Pod</a> is <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/assign-pod-node">assigned</a> to specific <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes">Node</a> in case you're using volume for data directly with <code>hostPath</code>. Otherwise Pod can be rescheduled on a different Node and previous data won't be found. Except the case when you're using some shared filesystem on your Nodes.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition note">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>If you experience issues with processes crashing showing an error like <code>operation not permitted</code> or <code>postfix/pickup[987]: fatal: chroot(/var/spool/postfix): Operation not permitted</code>, then you should add the <code>SYS_CHROOT</code> capability. Runtimes like CRI-O do not ship with this capability by default.</p>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="exposing-to-the-outside-world"><a class="toclink" href="#exposing-to-the-outside-world">Exposing to the Outside World</a></h2>
|
||
|
|
<p>The hard part with Kubernetes is to expose deployed mailserver to outside world. Kubernetes provides multiple ways for doing that. Each has its downsides and complexity.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>The major problem with exposing mailserver to outside world in Kubernetes is to <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tutorials/services/source-ip">preserve real client IP</a>. Real client IP is required by mailserver for performing IP-based SPF checks and spam checks.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>Preserving real client IP is relatively <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/tutorials/services/source-ip">non-trivial in Kubernetes</a> and most exposing ways do not provide it. So, it's up to you to decide which exposing way suits better your needs in a price of complexity.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p>If you do not require SPF checks for incoming mails you may disable them in <a href="../override-defaults/postfix/">Postfix configuration</a> by dropping following line (which removes <code>check_policy_service unix:private/policyd-spf</code> option):</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition example">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ConfigMap</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">data</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">postfix-main.cf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_sasl_authenticated, permit_mynetworks, reject_unauth_destination, reject_unauth_pipelining, reject_invalid_helo_hostname, reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org, reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="nn">---</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Deployment</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions/v1beta1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">volumeMounts</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">postfix-main.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-main.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<h3 id="external-ips-service"><a class="toclink" href="#external-ips-service">External IPs Service</a></h3>
|
||
|
|
<p>The simplest way is to expose mailserver as a <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service">Service</a> with <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#external-ips">external IPs</a>.</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition example">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Service</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">selector</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">25</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">targetPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">externalIPs</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80.11.12.10</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<p><strong>Downsides</strong></p>
|
||
|
|
<ul>
|
||
|
|
<li>
|
||
|
|
<p><strong>Real client IP is not preserved</strong>, so SPF check of incoming mail will fail.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
<li>
|
||
|
|
<p>Requirement to specify exposed IPs explicitly.</p>
|
||
|
|
</li>
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
<h3 id="proxy-port-to-service"><a class="toclink" href="#proxy-port-to-service">Proxy port to Service</a></h3>
|
||
|
|
<p>The <a href="https://github.com/kubernetes/contrib/tree/master/for-demos/proxy-to-service">Proxy Pod</a> helps to avoid necessity of specifying external IPs explicitly. This comes in price of complexity: you must deploy Proxy Pod on each <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes">Node</a> you want to expose mailserver on.</p>
|
||
|
|
<p><strong>Downsides</strong></p>
|
||
|
|
<ul>
|
||
|
|
<li><strong>Real client IP is not preserved</strong>, so SPF check of incoming mail will fail.</li>
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
<h3 id="bind-to-concrete-node-and-use-host-network"><a class="toclink" href="#bind-to-concrete-node-and-use-host-network">Bind to concrete Node and use host network</a></h3>
|
||
|
|
<p>The simplest way to preserve real client IP is to use <code>hostPort</code> and <code>hostNetwork: true</code> in the mailserver <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod">Pod</a>. This comes in price of availability: you can talk to mailserver from outside world only via IPs of <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/architecture/nodes">Node</a> where mailserver is deployed.</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition example">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Deployment</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions/v1beta1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">hostNetwork</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containers</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">25</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">hostPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">25</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">smtp-auth</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">587</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">hostPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">587</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">imap-secure</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">993</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">hostPort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">993</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<p><strong>Downsides</strong></p>
|
||
|
|
<ul>
|
||
|
|
<li>Not possible to access mailserver via other cluster Nodes, only via the one mailserver deployed at.</li>
|
||
|
|
<li>Every Port within the Container is exposed on the Host side, regardless of what the <code>ports</code> section in the Configuration defines. </li>
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
<h3 id="proxy-port-to-service-via-proxy-protocol"><a class="toclink" href="#proxy-port-to-service-via-proxy-protocol">Proxy Port to Service via PROXY Protocol</a></h3>
|
||
|
|
<p>This way is ideologically the same as <a href="#proxy-port-to-service">using Proxy Pod</a>, but instead of a separate proxy pod, you configure your ingress to proxy TCP traffic to the mailserver pod using the PROXY protocol, which preserves the real client IP.</p>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="configure-your-ingress"><a class="toclink" href="#configure-your-ingress">Configure your Ingress</a></h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>With an <a href="https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx">NGINX ingress controller</a>, set <code>externalTrafficPolicy: Local</code> for its service, and add the following to the TCP services config map (as described <a href="https://kubernetes.github.io/ingress-nginx/user-guide/exposing-tcp-udp-services">here</a>):</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">25</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"mailserver/mailserver:25::PROXY"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">465</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"mailserver/mailserver:465::PROXY"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">587</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"mailserver/mailserver:587::PROXY"</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">993</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">"mailserver/mailserver:993::PROXY"</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
<p>With <a href="https://hub.docker.com/_/haproxy">HAProxy</a>, the configuration should look similar to the above. If you know what it actually looks like, add an example here. <img alt="😃" class="twemoji" src="https://twemoji.maxcdn.com/v/latest/svg/1f603.svg" title=":smiley:" /></p>
|
||
|
|
<h4 id="configure-the-mailserver"><a class="toclink" href="#configure-the-mailserver">Configure the Mailserver</a></h4>
|
||
|
|
<p>Then, configure both <a href="../override-defaults/postfix/">Postfix</a> and <a href="../override-defaults/dovecot/">Dovecot</a> to expect the PROXY protocol:</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition example">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ConfigMap</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">data</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">postfix-main.cf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">postscreen_upstream_proxy_protocol = haproxy</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">postfix-master.cf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">smtp/inet/postscreen_upstream_proxy_protocol=haproxy</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">submission/inet/smtpd_upstream_proxy_protocol=haproxy</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">smtps/inet/smtpd_upstream_proxy_protocol=haproxy</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">dovecot.cf</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p p-Indicator">|</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no"># Assuming your ingress controller is bound to 10.0.0.0/8</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">haproxy_trusted_networks = 10.0.0.0/8, 127.0.0.0/8</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">service imap-login {</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">inet_listener imap {</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">haproxy = yes</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">}</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">inet_listener imaps {</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">haproxy = yes</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">}</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="no">}</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nn">---</span>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Deployment</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions/v1beta1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">template</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">containers</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">docker-mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">volumeMounts</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">postfix-main.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-main.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">postfix-master.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/postfix-master.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">config</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">subPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">dovecot.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/tmp/docker-mailserver/dovecot.cf</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<p><strong>Downsides</strong></p>
|
||
|
|
<ul>
|
||
|
|
<li>Not possible to access mailserver via inner cluster Kubernetes DNS, as PROXY protocol is required for incoming connections.</li>
|
||
|
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
<h2 id="lets-encrypt-certificates"><a class="toclink" href="#lets-encrypt-certificates">Let's Encrypt Certificates</a></h2>
|
||
|
|
<p><a href="https://github.com/jetstack/kube-lego">Kube-Lego</a> may be used for a role of Let's Encrypt client. It works with Kubernetes <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress">Ingress Resources</a> and automatically issues/manages certificates/keys for exposed services via Ingresses.</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition example">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions/v1beta1</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">annotations</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">kubernetes.io/tls-acme</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'true'</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">example.com</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">serviceName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">default-backend</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">servicePort</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">tls</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">secretName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.tls</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">hosts</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">example.com</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
|
|
<p>Now, you can use Let's Encrypt cert and key from <code>mailserver.tls</code> <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret">Secret</a> in your <a href="https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/pod">Pod</a> spec:</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="admonition example">
|
||
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Example</p>
|
||
|
|
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">env</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">SSL_TYPE</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">value</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'manual'</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">SSL_CERT_PATH</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">value</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'/etc/ssl/mailserver/tls.crt'</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">SSL_KEY_PATH</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">value</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s">'/etc/ssl/mailserver/tls.key'</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">volumeMounts</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">tls</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">mountPath</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/etc/ssl/mailserver</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">readOnly</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">true</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="c1"># ...</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">volumes</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="p p-Indicator">-</span> <span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">tls</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">secret</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
||
|
|
<span class="nt">secretName</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">mailserver.tls</span>
|
||
|
|
</code></pre></div>
|
||
|
|
</div>
|
||
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|
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