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< meta name = "description" content = "A fullstack but simple mail-server (SMTP, IMAP, LDAP, Antispam, Antivirus, etc.) using Docker." >
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< title > DKIM, DMARC & SPF - Docker Mailserver< / title >
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Docker Mailserver
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DKIM, DMARC & SPF
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Initializing search
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docker-mailserver
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Home
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Introduction
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Usage
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Configuration
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Examples
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FAQ
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Contributing
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DockerHub
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GHCR
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Docker Mailserver
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< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 496 512" > <!-- ! Font Awesome Free 6.3.0 by @fontawesome - https://fontawesome.com License - https://fontawesome.com/license/free (Icons: CC BY 4.0, Fonts: SIL OFL 1.1, Code: MIT License) Copyright 2023 Fonticons, Inc. --> < path d = "M165.9 397.4c0 2-2.3 3.6-5.2 3.6-3.3.3-5.6-1.3-5.6-3.6 0-2 2.3-3.6 5.2-3.6 3-.3 5.6 1.3 5.6 3.6zm-31.1-4.5c-.7 2 1.3 4.3 4.3 4.9 2.6 1 5.6 0 6.2-2s-1.3-4.3-4.3-5.2c-2.6-.7-5.5.3-6.2 2.3zm44.2-1.7c-2.9.7-4.9 2.6-4.6 4.9.3 2 2.9 3.3 5.9 2.6 2.9-.7 4.9-2.6 4.6-4.6-.3-1.9-3-3.2-5.9-2.9zM244.8 8C106.1 8 0 113.3 0 252c0 110.9 69.8 205.8 169.5 239.2 12.8 2.3 17.3-5.6 17.3-12.1 0-6.2-.3-40.4-.3-61.4 0 0-70 15-84.7-29.8 0 0-11.4-29.1-27.8-36.6 0 0-22.9-15.7 1.6-15.4 0 0 24.9 2 38.6 25.8 21.9 38.6 58.6 27.5 72.9 20.9 2.3-16 8.8-27.1 16-33.7-55.9-6.2-112.3-14.3-112.3-110.5 0-27.5 7.6-41.3 23.6-58.9-2.6-6.5-11.1-33.3 2.6-67.9 20.9-6.5 69 27 69 27 20-5.6 41.5-8.5 62.8-8.5s42.8 2.9 62.8 8.5c0 0 48.1-33.6 69-27 13.7 34.7 5.2 61.4 2.6 67.9 16 17.7 25.8 31.5 25.8 58.9 0 96.5-58.9 104.2-114.8 110.5 9.2 7.9 17 22.9 17 46.4 0 33.7-.3 75.4-.3 83.6 0 6.5 4.6 14.4 17.3 12.1C428.2 457.8 496 362.9 496 252 496 113.3 383.5 8 244.8 8zM97.2 352.9c-1.3 1-1 3.3.7 5.2 1.6 1.6 3.9 2.3 5.2 1 1.3-1 1-3.3-.7-5.2-1.6-1.6-3.9-2.3-5.2-1zm-10.8-8.1c-.7 1.3.3 2.9 2.3 3.9 1.6 1 3.6.7 4.3-.7.7-1.3-.3-2.9-2.3-3.9-2-.6-3.6-.3-4.3.7zm32.4 35.6c-1.6 1.3-1 4.3 1.3 6.2 2.3 2.3 5.2 2.6 6.5 1 1.3-1.3.7-4.3-1.3-6.2-2.2-2.3-5.2-2.6-6.5-1zm-11.4-14.7c-1.6 1-1.6 3.6 0 5.9 1.6 2.3 4.3 3.3 5.6 2.3 1.6-1.3 1.6-3.9 0-6.2-1.4-2.3-4-3.3-5.6-2z" / > < / svg >
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< div class = "md-source__repository" >
docker-mailserver
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< a href = "../../.." class = "md-nav__link" >
Home
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../../introduction/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Introduction
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../../usage/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Usage
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4" checked >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4" id = "__nav_4_label" tabindex = "0" >
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Configuration
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< nav class = "md-nav" data-md-level = "1" aria-labelledby = "__nav_4_label" aria-expanded = "true" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Configuration
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../environment/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Environment Variables
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../user-management/" class = "md-nav__link" >
User Management
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--active md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle " type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4_3" checked >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4_3" id = "__nav_4_3_label" tabindex = "0" >
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Best Practices
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< nav class = "md-nav" data-md-level = "2" aria-labelledby = "__nav_4_3_label" aria-expanded = "true" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4_3" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Best Practices
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--active" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle" type = "checkbox" id = "__toc" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" for = "__toc" >
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DKIM, DMARC & SPF
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
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< a href = "./" class = "md-nav__link md-nav__link--active" >
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DKIM, DMARC & SPF
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< / a >
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< nav class = "md-nav md-nav--secondary" aria-label = "Table of contents" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__toc" >
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Table of contents
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-component = "toc" data-md-scrollfix >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#dkim" class = "md-nav__link" >
DKIM
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "DKIM" >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#generating-keys" class = "md-nav__link" >
Generating Keys
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< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#dkim-dns" class = "md-nav__link" >
DNS Record
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< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#dkim-debug" class = "md-nav__link" >
Troubleshooting
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< / li >
< / ul >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#dmarc" class = "md-nav__link" >
DMARC
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "#spf" class = "md-nav__link" >
SPF
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< nav class = "md-nav" aria-label = "SPF" >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#adding-an-spf-record" class = "md-nav__link" >
Adding an SPF Record
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< / li >
< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "#backup-mx-secondary-mx-for-policyd-spf" class = "md-nav__link" >
Backup MX & Secondary MX for policyd-spf
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< / a >
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< / li >
< / ul >
< / nav >
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< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../autodiscover/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Auto-discovery
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< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle md-toggle--indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4_4" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4_4" id = "__nav_4_4_label" tabindex = "0" >
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Security
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" data-md-level = "2" aria-labelledby = "__nav_4_4_label" aria-expanded = "false" >
< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4_4" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Security
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../security/understanding-the-ports/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Understanding the Ports
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../security/ssl/" class = "md-nav__link" >
SSL/TLS
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../security/fail2ban/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Fail2Ban
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../security/mail_crypt/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Mail Encryption
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../security/rspamd/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Rspamd
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../debugging/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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Debugging
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../pop3/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Mail Delivery with POP3
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
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< a href = "../../setup.sh/" class = "md-nav__link" >
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About setup.sh
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< / a >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle md-toggle--indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4_8" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4_8" id = "__nav_4_8_label" tabindex = "0" >
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Advanced Configuration
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" data-md-level = "2" aria-labelledby = "__nav_4_8_label" aria-expanded = "false" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4_8" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Advanced Configuration
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../advanced/optional-config/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Optional Configuration
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle md-toggle--indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4_8_2" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4_8_2" id = "__nav_4_8_2_label" tabindex = "0" >
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Maintenance
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< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" data-md-level = "3" aria-labelledby = "__nav_4_8_2_label" aria-expanded = "false" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4_8_2" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Maintenance
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< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../advanced/maintenance/update-and-cleanup/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Update and Cleanup
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< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle md-toggle--indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4_8_3" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4_8_3" id = "__nav_4_8_3_label" tabindex = "0" >
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Override the Default Configs
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" data-md-level = "3" aria-labelledby = "__nav_4_8_3_label" aria-expanded = "false" >
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< label class = "md-nav__title" for = "__nav_4_8_3" >
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< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
Override the Default Configs
< / label >
< ul class = "md-nav__list" data-md-scrollfix >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../advanced/override-defaults/dovecot/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Dovecot
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../advanced/override-defaults/postfix/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Postfix
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../advanced/override-defaults/user-patches/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Modifications via Script
< / a >
< / li >
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< / ul >
< / nav >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../advanced/auth-ldap/" class = "md-nav__link" >
LDAP Authentication
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../advanced/mail-sieve/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Email Filtering with Sieve
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item" >
< a href = "../../advanced/mail-fetchmail/" class = "md-nav__link" >
Email Gathering with Fetchmail
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< / li >
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< li class = "md-nav__item md-nav__item--nested" >
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< input class = "md-nav__toggle md-toggle md-toggle--indeterminate" type = "checkbox" id = "__nav_4_8_7" >
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< label class = "md-nav__link" for = "__nav_4_8_7" id = "__nav_4_8_7_label" tabindex = "0" >
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Email Forwarding
< span class = "md-nav__icon md-icon" > < / span >
< / label >
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< nav class = "md-nav" data-md-level = "3" aria-labelledby = "__nav_4_8_7_label" aria-expanded = "false" >
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DKIM
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Generating Keys
< / a >
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DNS Record
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< / li >
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DMARC
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< h1 id = "dkim-dmarc-spf" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#dkim-dmarc-spf" > DKIM, DMARC & SPF< / a > < / h1 >
< p > Cloudflare has written an < a href = "https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/email-security/dmarc-dkim-spf/" > article about DKIM, DMARC and SPF< / a > that we highly recommend you to read to get acquainted with the topic.< / p >
< div class = "admonition note" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Rspamd vs Individual validators< / p >
< p > With v12.0.0, Rspamd was integrated into DMS. It can perform validations for DKIM, DMARC and SPF as part of the < code > spam-score-calculation< / code > for an email. DMS provides individual alternatives for each validation that can be used instead of deferring to Rspamd:< / p >
< ul >
< li > DKIM: < code > opendkim< / code > is used as a milter (like Rspamd)< / li >
< li > DMARC: < code > opendmarc< / code > is used as a milter (like Rspamd)< / li >
< li > SPF: < code > policyd-spf< / code > is used in Postfix's < code > smtpd_recipient_restrictions< / code > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > In a future release Rspamd will become the default for these validations, with a deprecation notice issued prior to the removal of the above alternatives.< / p >
< p > We encourage everyone to prefer Rspamd via < code > ENABLE_RSPAMD=1< / code > .< / p >
< / div >
< div class = "admonition warning" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > DNS Caches & Propagation< / p >
< p > While modern DNS providers are quick, it may take minutes or even hours for new DNS records to become available / propagate.< / p >
< / div >
< h2 id = "dkim" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#dkim" > DKIM< / a > < / h2 >
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< div class = "admonition quote" >
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< p class = "admonition-title" > What is DKIM< / p >
< p > DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) is an email authentication method designed to detect forged sender addresses in email (email spoofing), a technique often used in phishing and email spam.< / p >
< p > < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DomainKeys_Identified_Mail" > Source< / a > < / p >
< / div >
< p > When DKIM is enabled:< / p >
< ol >
< li > Inbound mail will verify any included DKIM signatures< / li >
< li > Outbound mail is signed (< em > when you're sending domain has a configured DKIM key< / em > )< / li >
< / ol >
< p > DKIM requires a public/private key pair to enable < strong > signing (< em > via private key< / em > )< / strong > your outgoing mail, while the receiving end must query DNS to < strong > verify (< em > via public key< / em > )< / strong > that the signature is trustworthy.< / p >
< h3 id = "generating-keys" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#generating-keys" > Generating Keys< / a > < / h3 >
< p > You should have:< / p >
< ul >
< li > At least one < a href = "../../user-management/#adding-a-new-account" > email account setup< / a > < / li >
< li > Attached a < a href = "../../advanced/optional-config/" > volume for config< / a > to persist the generated files to local storage< / li >
< / ul >
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< div class = "admonition warning" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > RSA Key Sizes > = 4096 Bit< / p >
< p > Keys of 4096 bits could be denied by some mail servers. According to < a href = "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6376" > RFC 6376< / a > , keys are < a href = "https://github.com/docker-mailserver/docker-mailserver/issues/1854" > preferably between 512 and 2048 bits< / a > .< / p >
< / div >
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< p > DKIM is currently supported by either OpenDKIM or Rspamd:< / p >
< div class = "tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs = "1:2" > < input checked = "checked" id = "__tabbed_1_1" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_1_2" name = "__tabbed_1" type = "radio" / > < div class = "tabbed-labels" > < label for = "__tabbed_1_1" > OpenDKIM< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_1_2" > Rspamd< / label > < / div >
< div class = "tabbed-content" >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< p > OpenDKIM is currently < a href = "../../environment/#enable_opendkim" > enabled by default< / a > .< / p >
< p > The command < code > docker exec < CONTAINER NAME> setup config dkim help< / code > details supported config options, along with some examples.< / p >
< div class = "admonition example" >
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< p class = "admonition-title" > Creating a DKIM key< / p >
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< p > Generate the DKIM files with:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > docker< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > exec< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > -ti< span class = "w" > < / span > < CONTAINER< span class = "w" > < / span > NAME> < span class = "w" > < / span > setup< span class = "w" > < / span > config< span class = "w" > < / span > dkim
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > Your new DKIM key(s) and OpenDKIM config files have been added to < code > /tmp/docker-mailserver/opendkim/< / code > .< / p >
< / div >
< details class = "note" >
< summary > LDAP accounts need to specify domains explicitly< / summary >
< p > The command is unable to infer the domains from LDAP user accounts, you must specify them:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > setup< span class = "w" > < / span > config< span class = "w" > < / span > dkim< span class = "w" > < / span > domain< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s1" > ' example.com,example.io' < / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / details >
< details class = "tip" >
< summary > Changing the key size< / summary >
< p > The private key presently defaults to RSA-4096. To create an RSA 2048-bit key run:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > setup< span class = "w" > < / span > config< span class = "w" > < / span > dkim< span class = "w" > < / span > keysize< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "m" > 2048< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / details >
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< div class = "admonition info" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Restart required< / p >
< p > After restarting DMS, outgoing mail will now be signed with your new DKIM key(s) < img alt = "🎉" class = "twemoji" src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twemoji/14.0.2/svg/1f389.svg" title = ":tada:" / > < / p >
< p > You'll need to repeat this process if you add any new domains.< / p >
< / div >
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< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< p > Opt-in via < a href = "../../environment/#enable_rspamd" > < code > ENABLE_RSPAMD=1< / code > < / a > (< em > and disable the default OpenDKIM: < code > ENABLE_OPENDKIM=0< / code > < / em > ).< / p >
< p > Rspamd provides DKIM support through two separate modules:< / p >
< ol >
< li > < a href = "https://www.rspamd.com/doc/modules/dkim.html" > Verifying DKIM signatures from inbound mail< / a > is enabled by default.< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.rspamd.com/doc/modules/dkim_signing.html" > Signing outbound mail with your DKIM key< / a > needs additional setup (key + dns + config).< / li >
< / ol >
< div class = "admonition example" >
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< p class = "admonition-title" > Creating DKIM Keys< / p >
< p > You can simply run< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > docker< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > exec< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > -ti< span class = "w" > < / span > < CONTAINER< span class = "w" > < / span > NAME> < span class = "w" > < / span > setup< span class = "w" > < / span > config< span class = "w" > < / span > dkim< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > help< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > which provides you with an overview of what the script can do. Just running< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > docker< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "nb" > exec< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > -ti< span class = "w" > < / span > < CONTAINER< span class = "w" > < / span > NAME> < span class = "w" > < / span > setup< span class = "w" > < / span > config< span class = "w" > < / span > dkim
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > will execute the helper script with default parameters.< / p >
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< / div >
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< div class = "admonition info" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > About the Helper Script< / p >
< p > The script will persist the keys in < code > /tmp/docker-mailserver/rspamd/dkim/< / code > . Hence, if you are already using the default volume mounts, the keys are persisted in a volume. The script also restarts Rspamd directly, so changes take effect without restarting DMS.< / p >
< p > The script provides you with log messages along the way of creating keys. In case you want to read the complete log, use < code > -v< / code > (verbose) or < code > -vv< / code > (very verbose).< / p >
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< hr / >
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< p > In case you have not already provided a default DKIM signing configuration, the script will create one and write it to < code > /etc/rspamd/override.d/dkim_signing.conf< / code > . If this file already exist, it will not be overwritten. When you're already using < a href = "../../security/rspamd/#manually" > the < code > rspamd/override.d/< / code > directory< / a > , the file is created inside your volume and therefore persisted correctly. If you are not using < code > rspamd/override.d/< / code > , you will need to persist the file yourself (otherwise it is lost on container restart).< / p >
< p > An example of what a default configuration file for DKIM signing looks like can be found by expanding the example below.< / p >
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< / div >
< details class = "example" >
< summary > DKIM Signing Module Configuration Examples< / summary >
< p > A simple configuration could look like this:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "c1" > # documentation: https://rspamd.com/doc/modules/dkim_signing.html< / span >
< span class = "na" > enabled< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > true< / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "na" > sign_authenticated< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > true< / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "na" > sign_local< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > true< / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "na" > use_domain< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " header" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "na" > use_redis< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > false< / span > < span class = "c1" > ; # don' t change unless Redis also provides the DKIM keys< / span >
< span class = "na" > use_esld< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > true< / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
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< span class = "na" > check_pubkey< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > true< / span > < span class = "c1" > ; # you wan' t to use this in the beginning< / span >
< span class = "na" > domain {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > example.com {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > path< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " /tmp/docker-mailserver/rspamd/dkim/mail.private" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > selector< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " mail" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > }< / span >
< span class = "na" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< p > As shown next:< / p >
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< ul >
< li > You can add more domains into the < code > domain { ... }< / code > section.< / li >
< li > A domain can also be configured with multiple selectors and keys within a < code > selectors [ ... ]< / code > array.< / li >
< / ul >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "c1" > # ...< / span >
< span class = "na" > domain {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > example.com {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > selectors [< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > path< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " /tmp/docker-mailserver/rspamd/dkim/example.com/rsa.private" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > selector< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " dkim-rsa" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > },< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > path< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > /tmp/docker-mailserver/rspamd/example.com/ed25519.private" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > selector< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " dkim-ed25519" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > }< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > ]< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > }< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > example.org {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > selectors [< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > path< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " /tmp/docker-mailserver/rspamd/dkim/example.org/rsa.private" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > selector< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " dkim-rsa" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > },< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > {< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > path< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " /tmp/docker-mailserver/rspamd/dkim/example.org/ed25519.private" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > selector< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > " dkim-ed25519" < / span > < span class = "c1" > ;< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > }< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > ]< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "na" > }< / span >
< span class = "na" > }< / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< / details >
< details class = "warning" >
< summary > Support for DKIM Keys using ED25519< / summary >
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< p > This modern elliptic curve is supported by Rspamd, but support by third-parties for < a href = "https://serverfault.com/questions/1023674/is-ed25519-well-supported-for-the-dkim-validation/1074545#1074545" > verifying Ed25519 DKIM signatures is unreliable< / a > .< / p >
< p > If you sign your mail with this key type, you should include RSA as a fallback, like shown in the above example.< / p >
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< / details >
< details class = "tip" >
< summary > Let Rspamd Check Your Keys< / summary >
< p > When < code > check_pubkey = true;< / code > is set, Rspamd will query the DNS record for each DKIM selector, verifying each public key matches the private key configured.< / p >
< p > If there is a mismatch, a warning will be omitted to the Rspamd log < code > /var/log/supervisor/rspamd.log< / code > .< / p >
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< / details >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< h3 id = "dkim-dns" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#dkim-dns" > DNS Record< / a > < / h3 >
< p > When mail signed with your DKIM key is sent from your mail server, the receiver needs to check a DNS < code > TXT< / code > record to verify the DKIM signature is trustworthy.< / p >
< div class = "admonition example" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > Configuring DNS - DKIM record< / p >
< p > When you generated your key in the previous step, the DNS data was saved into a file < code > < selector> .txt< / code > (default: < code > mail.txt< / code > ). Use this content to update your < a href = "https://www.vultr.com/docs/introduction-to-vultr-dns/" > DNS via Web Interface< / a > or directly edit your < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_file" > DNS Zone file< / a > :< / p >
< div class = "tabbed-set tabbed-alternate" data-tabs = "2:2" > < input checked = "checked" id = "__tabbed_2_1" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < input id = "__tabbed_2_2" name = "__tabbed_2" type = "radio" / > < div class = "tabbed-labels" > < label for = "__tabbed_2_1" > Web Interface< / label > < label for = "__tabbed_2_2" > DNS Zone file< / label > < / div >
< div class = "tabbed-content" >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< p > Create a new record:< / p >
< table >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Field< / th >
< th > Value< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > Type< / td >
< td > < code > TXT< / code > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Name< / td >
< td > < code > < selector> ._domainkey< / code > (< em > default: < code > mail._domainkey< / code > < / em > )< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > TTL< / td >
< td > Use the default (< em > otherwise < a href = "https://www.digicert.com/faq/dns/what-is-ttl" > 3600 seconds is appropriate< / a > < / em > )< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Data< / td >
< td > File content within < code > ( ... )< / code > (< em > formatted as advised below< / em > )< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
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< p > When using Rspamd, the helper script has already provided you with the contents (the "Data" field) of the DNS record you need to create - you can just copy-paste this text.< / p >
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< / div >
< div class = "tabbed-block" >
< p > < code > < selector> .txt< / code > is already formatted as a snippet for adding to your < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_file" > DNS Zone file< / a > .< / p >
< p > Just copy/paste the file contents into your existing DNS zone. The < code > TXT< / code > value has been split into separate strings every 255 characters for compatibility.< / p >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< details class = "info" >
< summary > < code > < selector> .txt< / code > - Formatting the < code > TXT< / code > record value correctly< / summary >
< p > This file was generated for use within a < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_file" > DNS zone file< / a > . DNS < code > TXT< / code > records values that are longer than 255 characters need to be split into multiple parts. This is why the public key has multiple parts wrapped within double-quotes between < code > (< / code > and < code > )< / code > .< / p >
< p > A DNS web-interface may handle this internally instead, while < a href = "https://serverfault.com/questions/763815/route-53-doesnt-allow-adding-dkim-keys-because-length-is-too-long" > others may not, but expect the input as a single line< / a > _). You'll need to manually format the value as described below.< / p >
< p > Your DNS record file (eg: < code > mail.txt< / code > ) should look similar to this:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > mail._domainkey IN TXT ( " v=DKIM1; k=rsa; "
" p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAqQMMqhb1S52Rg7VFS3EC6JQIMxNDdiBmOKZvY5fiVtD3Z+yd9ZV+V8e4IARVoMXWcJWSR6xkloitzfrRtJRwOYvmrcgugOalkmM0V4Gy/2aXeamuiBuUc4esDQEI3egmtAsHcVY1XCoYfs+9VqoHEq3vdr3UQ8zP/l+FP5UfcaJFCK/ZllqcO2P1GjIDVSHLdPpRHbMP/tU1a9mNZ"
" 5QMZBJ/JuJK/s+2bp8gpxKn8rh1akSQjlynlV9NI+7J3CC7CUf3bGvoXIrb37C/lpJehS39KNtcGdaRufKauSfqx/7SxA0zyZC+r13f7ASbMaQFzm+/RRusTqozY/p/MsWx8QIDAQAB"
) ;
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > Take the content between < code > ( ... )< / code > , and combine all the quote wrapped content and remove the double-quotes including the white-space between them. That is your < code > TXT< / code > record value, the above example would become this:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAqQMMqhb1S52Rg7VFS3EC6JQIMxNDdiBmOKZvY5fiVtD3Z+yd9ZV+V8e4IARVoMXWcJWSR6xkloitzfrRtJRwOYvmrcgugOalkmM0V4Gy/2aXeamuiBuUc4esDQEI3egmtAsHcVY1XCoYfs+9VqoHEq3vdr3UQ8zP/l+FP5UfcaJFCK/ZllqcO2P1GjIDVSHLdPpRHbMP/tU1a9mNZ5QMZBJ/JuJK/s+2bp8gpxKn8rh1akSQjlynlV9NI+7J3CC7CUf3bGvoXIrb37C/lpJehS39KNtcGdaRufKauSfqx/7SxA0zyZC+r13f7ASbMaQFzm+/RRusTqozY/p/MsWx8QIDAQAB
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > To test that your new DKIM record is correct, query it with the < code > dig< / code > command. The < code > TXT< / code > value response should be a single line split into multiple parts wrapped in double-quotes:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "gp" > $ < / span > dig< span class = "w" > < / span > +short< span class = "w" > < / span > TXT< span class = "w" > < / span > dkim-rsa._domainkey.example.com
< span class = "go" > " v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAqQMMqhb1S52Rg7VFS3EC6JQIMxNDdiBmOKZvY5fiVtD3Z+yd9ZV+V8e4IARVoMXWcJWSR6xkloitzfrRtJRwOYvmrcgugOalkmM0V4Gy/2aXeamuiBuUc4esDQEI3egmtAsHcVY1XCoYfs+9VqoHEq3vdr3UQ8zP/l+FP5UfcaJFCK/ZllqcO2P1GjIDVSHLdPpRHbMP/tU1a9mNZ5QMZBJ/JuJK/s+2bp8gpxKn8rh1akSQjlynlV9NI+7J3CC7CUf3bGvoXIrb37C/lpJehS39" " KNtcGdaRufKauSfqx/7SxA0zyZC+r13f7ASbMaQFzm+/RRusTqozY/p/MsWx8QIDAQAB" < / span >
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< / details >
< h3 id = "dkim-debug" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#dkim-debug" > Troubleshooting< / a > < / h3 >
< p > < a href = "https://mxtoolbox.com/dkim.aspx" > MxToolbox has a DKIM Verifier< / a > that you can use to check your DKIM DNS record(s).< / p >
< p > When using Rspamd, we recommend you turn on < code > check_pubkey = true;< / code > in < code > dkim_signing.conf< / code > . Rspamd will then check whether your private key matches your public key, and you can check possible mismatches by looking at < code > /var/log/supervisor/rspamd.log< / code > .< / p >
< h2 id = "dmarc" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#dmarc" > DMARC< / a > < / h2 >
< p > With DMS, DMARC is pre-configured out of the box. You may disable extra and excessive DMARC checks when using Rspamd via < code > ENABLE_OPENDMARC=0< / code > .< / p >
< p > The only thing you need to do in order to enable DMARC on a "DNS-level" is to add new < code > TXT< / code > . In contrast to < a href = "#dkim" > DKIM< / a > , DMARC DNS entries do not require any keys, but merely setting the < a href = "https://github.com/internetstandards/toolbox-wiki/blob/master/DMARC-how-to.md#overview-of-dmarc-configuration-tags" > configuration values< / a > . You can either handcraft the entry by yourself or use one of available generators (like < a href = "https://dmarcguide.globalcyberalliance.org" > this one< / a > ).< / p >
< p > Typically something like this should be good to start with:< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > _dmarc.example.com. IN TXT " v=DMARC1; p=none; sp=none; fo=0; adkim=4; aspf=r; pct=100; rf=afrf; ri=86400; rua=mailto:dmarc.report@example.com; ruf=mailto:dmarc.report@example.com"
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > Or a bit more strict policies (< em > mind < code > p=quarantine< / code > and < code > sp=quarantine< / code > < / em > ):< / p >
< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > _dmarc.example.com. IN TXT " v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; sp=quarantine; fo=0; adkim=r; aspf=r; pct=100; rf=afrf; ri=86400; rua=mailto:dmarc.report@example.com; ruf=mailto:dmarc.report@example.com"
< / code > < / pre > < / div >
< p > The DMARC status may not be displayed instantly due to delays in DNS (caches). Dmarcian has < a href = "https://dmarcian.com/dmarc-tools/" > a few tools< / a > you can use to verify your DNS records.< / p >
< h2 id = "spf" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#spf" > SPF< / a > < / h2 >
< div class = "admonition quote" >
< p class = "admonition-title" > What is SPF< / p >
< p > Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is a simple email-validation system designed to detect email spoofing by providing a mechanism to allow receiving mail exchangers to check that incoming mail from a domain comes from a host authorized by that domain's administrators.< / p >
< p > < a href = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sender_Policy_Framework" > Source< / a > < / p >
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< / div >
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< div class = "admonition note" >
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< p class = "admonition-title" > Disabling < code > policyd-spf< / code > ?< / p >
< p > As of now, < code > policyd-spf< / code > cannot be disabled. This is WIP.< / p >
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< / div >
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< h3 id = "adding-an-spf-record" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#adding-an-spf-record" > Adding an SPF Record< / a > < / h3 >
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< p > To add a SPF record in your DNS, insert the following line in your DNS zone:< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > example.com. IN TXT " v=spf1 mx ~all"
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< / code > < / pre > < / div >
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< p > This enables the < em > Softfail< / em > mode for SPF. You could first add this SPF record with a very low TTL. < em > SoftFail< / em > is a good setting for getting started and testing, as it lets all email through, with spams tagged as such in the mailbox.< / p >
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< p > After verification, you < em > might< / em > want to change your SPF record to < code > v=spf1 mx -all< / code > so as to enforce the < em > HardFail< / em > policy. See < a href = "http://www.open-spf.org/SPF_Record_Syntax" > http://www.open-spf.org/SPF_Record_Syntax< / a > for more details about SPF policies.< / p >
< p > In any case, increment the SPF record's TTL to its final value.< / p >
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< h3 id = "backup-mx-secondary-mx-for-policyd-spf" > < a class = "toclink" href = "#backup-mx-secondary-mx-for-policyd-spf" > Backup MX & Secondary MX for < code > policyd-spf< / code > < / a > < / h3 >
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< p > For whitelisting an IP Address from the SPF test, you can create a config file (see < a href = "https://www.linuxcertif.com/man/5/policyd-spf.conf" > < code > policyd-spf.conf< / code > < / a > ) and mount that file into < code > /etc/postfix-policyd-spf-python/policyd-spf.conf< / code > .< / p >
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< p > < strong > Example:< / strong > Create and edit a < code > policyd-spf.conf< / code > file at < code > docker-data/dms/config/postfix-policyd-spf.conf< / code > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "na" > debugLevel< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > 1< / span >
< span class = "c1" > #0(only errors)-4(complete data received)< / span >
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< span class = "na" > skip_addresses< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > 127.0.0.0/8,::ffff:127.0.0.0/104,::1< / span >
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< span class = "c1" > # Preferably use IP-Addresses for whitelist lookups:< / span >
< span class = "na" > Whitelist< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "s" > 192.168.0.0/31,192.168.1.0/30< / span >
< span class = "c1" > # Domain_Whitelist = mx1.not-example.com,mx2.not-example.com< / span >
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< p > Then add this line to < code > docker-compose.yml< / code > :< / p >
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< div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < code > < span class = "nt" > volumes< / span > < span class = "p" > :< / span >
< span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "p p-Indicator" > -< / span > < span class = "w" > < / span > < span class = "l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain" > ./docker-data/dms/config/postfix-policyd-spf.conf:/etc/postfix-policyd-spf-python/policyd-spf.conf< / span >
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